HO Medieval Gunpowder Research Group

This partnership aims to investigate the composition and properties of medieval gunpowder and all the associated material culture.

• No 1: The Ho Experiments - Part 1, August 2002 (PDF 2.23 MB) Download

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• No 2: The Ho Experiments - Part 2, August 2003 (PDF 3.38 MB) Download

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• No 3: The Saltpetre Extraction Experiment, August 2004 (PDF 3.16 MB) Download

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• No 4: February-May 2005 (PDF 107.35 KB) Download

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• No 5: Sulphur from Iceland, September 2006 (PDF 327.13 KB) Download

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• No 6: Saltpetre from India, November 2006 (PDF 727.75 KB) Download

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• No 7: Sulphur from Sicily, April 2007 (PDF 371.41 KB) Download

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• No 8: Investigating Incendiary Devices, September 2008 (PDF 287.42 KB) Download

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• No 9: Firepots and Fire Arrows, September 2009 (PDF 343.94 KB) Download

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• No 11: Making Saltpetre - Part 1, September 2013 (PDF 3.29 MB) Download

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• No 12: Making Saltpetre - Part 2, August 2014 (PDF 363.73 KB) Download

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• No 13: Sulphur Refining, September 2015 (PDF 5.02 MB) Download

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• No 14: Early Gunpowder, Guns and Gunnery, March 2016 (PDF 897.6 KB) Download

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• No 15: Casting and Testing a 15th-Century Bronze Cannon, September 2020 (PDF 698.29 KB) Download